Грамматика английскогоУровень A2
Present perfect с for и since — понятно для A2
Present perfect с for и since нужен, когда действие началось в прошлом и всё ещё продолжается. Ты говоришь, как долго это длится (for) или с какого момента (since). В работе за границей и в IT это нужно каждый день: опыт, проект, жизнь в новой стране.
- Схема: have/has + V3 (или глагол с -ed) + for/since. Например: I have worked here for two years.
- for + отрезок времени: for two years, for three months, for a week, for ten minutes.
- since + точка отсчёта: since 2020, since Monday, since January, since I moved to Poland.
- С he/she/it используй has: Anna has lived in Berlin since 2022. Отрицание: haven't/hasn't.
- Вопрос: How long have you ...? — How long have you worked at this company?
- С for/since не ставь ago и не используй Present Simple для длительности: не I work here since 2021.
Примеры
- I have worked as a Python developer for three years.Я работаю Python-разработчиком три года.
- Masha has lived in Warsaw since 2021.Маша живёт в Варшаве с 2021 года.
- We have known each other since university.Мы знакомы со времён университета.
- How long have you had this job?Как долго ты работаешь на этой работе?
- Dima hasn't studied English for a month.Дима не учил английский уже месяц.
- I have been in IT for five years, and I have used Git since my first project.Я в IT уже пять лет, и я пользуюсь Git с самого первого проекта.
Частые ошибки
I work here since 2020.
I have worked here since 2020.
Действие длится до сих пор — нужен Present perfect, а не Present Simple.She has lived in Berlin for 2022.
She has lived in Berlin since 2022.
Год — это точка отсчёта, поэтому since, а не for.I have worked here since three years.
I have worked here for three years.
«Три года» — это отрезок времени, поэтому for, а не since.Проверь себя
I have lived in Prague ___ 2020.
Oleg has worked at this startup ___ six months.
Katya ___ known me since school.
How long ___ you had this laptop?
We have used Slack ___ last January.